Izixazululo ze-Nuclear Medical Imaging
Yini i-Medical imaging?
I-nuclear imaging yezokwelapha (ebuye ibizwe nge-radionuclide scanning) iyithuluzi elisebenzayo lokuxilonga ngoba alibonisi kuphela i-anatomy (isakhiwo) sesitho noma isitho somzimba, kodwa nomsebenzi wesitho ngokunjalo.Lolu “lwazi olusebenzayo” olwengeziwe luvumela imithi yenuzi ukuthi ihlole izifo ezithile nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha ngokushesha kakhulu kunezinye izivivinyo zezithombe zezokwelapha ezihlinzeka ngokuyinhloko ulwazi lwe-anatomic (lwesakhiwo) mayelana nesitho noma isitho somzimba.Imithi yenuzi ingaba wusizo ekuxilongweni kusenesikhathi, ekwelapheni nasekuvinjweni kwezimo eziningi zezokwelapha futhi iyaqhubeka ikhula njengethuluzi lezokwelapha elinamandla.
IZIKHUNGO EZININGI ZOKUNAKEKELA IMPILO ezihlinzeka ngokuphathwa kwezithombe zokuxilonga zokuxilonga obekuyingxenye yempilo yazo yansuku zonke ezindleleni ezijwayelekile ze-radiology (okungukuthi, i-CT, MR, X-ray, PET, SPECT, njll.).Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe kulezi zikhungo, kusukela kodokotela, ochwepheshe, nabaphathi, kuya kubasebenzi be-PACS/IT, nabo bebelokhu bezwa ubuhlungu bokungabi nazo izixazululo ezifanele ze-PACS zohlu lwezinqubo ezahlukene.Izindlela ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu yi-PACS izindlela zokucabanga nge-nuclear molecular, okuhlanganisa i-PET-CT, i-SPECT-CT, i-nuclear cardiology, kanye nemithi evamile yenuzi.
Nakuba ukucabanga kwengqamuzana lenuzi kukuncane uma kucatshangelwa inani lezivivinyo ezenziwa ngonyaka, ukubaluleka kwakho akufanele kuthathwe kancane, kokubili ngokomtholampilo nangokwezimali.I-PET-CT ifakazelwe ukuthi iyona ndlela ye-de facto uma kukhulunywa ngokuxilongwa komdlavuza.I-Nuclear cardiology ibe yindlela yokuzikhethela yenhliziyo engahlaseli.Umuthi ojwayelekile wenuzi uhlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezisebenzayo zokuthwebula okungekho ezinye izindlela ezingakwazi ukuzifanisa.Ngokwezimali, i-PET-CT kanye ne-nuclear cardiology kusephakathi kwezinqubo ezibuyiselwe kakhulu ekucabangeni kokuxilonga.
Okwenza ukuthwebula kwe-nuclear ye-nuclear ye-nuclear ye-nuclear kuhluke ezindleleni ze-radiology ezijwayelekile ukuthi izithombe zangaphambili ziyimisebenzi yomzimba, kanti ezakamuva zifanekisela i-anatomy yomzimba.Kungakho i-nuclear imaging ye-nuclear kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi imaging ye-metabolic.Ukuze uhlaziye imisebenzi yomzimba ezithombeni ezitholiwe, amathuluzi okubuka nokuhlaziya akhethekile ayadingeka.Lawa mathuluzi ayiwona kanye ashodayo eningini le-PACS namuhla.
Mayelana nalokhu, Iyanda inkampani yobuchwepheshe bezithombe zezokwelapha ifuna ukuthuthukisa isizukulwane esisha se-PET, SPECT.
Kungani Khetha i-Kinheng:
1.Ubukhulu bephikseli obuncane buyatholakala
2.I-crosstalk ye-optical eyehlisiwe
3.Ukufana okuhle phakathi kwe-pixel kuya ku-pixel/ Uhlu ukuze luhlelwe
4.TiO2/BaSO4/ESR/E60 izibonisi ezitholakalayo
5.Pixel Gap: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
6.Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kuyatholakala
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhiwo:
| Igama lento | I-CsI(Tl) | I-GAGG | CdWO4 | I-LYSO | LSO | BGO | I-GOS(Pr/Tb) Ceramic |
| Ukuminyana(g/cm3) | 4.51 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 7.15 | 7.3~7.4 | 7.13 | 7.34 |
| I-Hygroscopic | Kancane | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Okuphumayo kokukhanya okuhlobene(% of NaI(Tl)) (kwemisebe engu-γ) | 45 | 158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD) | 32 | 65-75 | 75 | 15-20 | 71/118 |
| Isikhathi sokubola | 1000 | 150(HL)/ 90(BL)/748(FD) | 14000 | 38-42 | 40 | 300 | 3000/600000 |
| Ngemva kokuvutha@30ms | 0.6-0.8% | 0.1-0.2% | 0.1-0.2% | N/A | N/A | 0.1-0.2% | 0.1-0.2% |
| Uhlobo lwe-array | I-Liner ne-2D | I-Liner ne-2D | I-Liner ne-2D | 2D | 2D | 2D | I-Liner ne-2D |
Idizayini yemishini yokuhlanganisa:
Ngokusekelwe ekugcineni kokusetshenziswa kohlu oluhlanganisiwe, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuklama umakhenikha kusuka e-Kinheng ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nomkhakha wokuhlola wezokwelapha nokuphepha.
I-1D Liner array isetshenziselwa kakhulu umkhakha wokuhlola Ezokuphepha, njenge-Bagger scanner, isithwebuli se-Aviation, isithwebuli se-3D ne-NDT.Okubalulekile Kuhlanganisa i-CsI(Tl), i-GOS:Tb/Pr Ifilimu, i-GAGG:Ce, i-CdWO4 scintillator njll. Ngokuvamile ahlanganiswe nomugqa we-Silicon Photodiode ukuze afundwe.
Uhlu lwe-2D luvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izithombe, okuhlanganisa i-Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), i-SEM, ikhamera ye-Gamma.Lawa malungu afanayo e-2D ngokuvamile ahlanganiswe ne-SIPM, amalungu afanayo e-PMT ukuze afundwe.I-Kinheng ihlinzeka ngohlelo lwe-2D okuhlanganisa i-LYSO, i-CsI(Tl), i-LSO, i-GAGG, i-YSO, i-CsI(Na), i-BGO scintillator njll.
Ngezansi kunomdwebo womklamo we-kinheng we-1D kanye ne-2D yamalungu emboni.
(Kingheng liner array)
(I-Kinheng 2D array)
Usayizi ojwayelekile wePixel nezinombolo:
| Okubalulekile | Usayizi wephikseli ojwayelekile | Izinombolo ezijwayelekile | ||
| I-Liner | 2D | I-Liner | 2D | |
| I-CsI(Tl) | 1.275x2.7 | 1x1 mm | 1x16 | 19x19 |
| I-GAGG | 1.275x2.7 | 0.5x0.5mm | 1x16 | 8x8 |
| CdWO4 | 1.275x2.7 | 3x3 mm | 1x16 | 8x8 |
| LYSO/LSO/YSO | N/A | 1x1mm | N/A | 25x25 |
| BGO | N/A | 1x1 mm | N/A | 13x13 |
| I-GOS(Tb/Pr) i-ceramic | 1.275X2.7 | 1x1mm | 1x16 | 19x19 |
Usayizi omncane we-Pixel:
| Okubalulekile | Usayizi wephikseli omncane | |
| I-Liner | 2D | |
| I-CsI(Tl) | 0.4 mm ubude | 0.5 mm ubude |
| I-GAGG | 0.4 mm ubude | 0.2mm |
| CdWO4 | 0.4 mm ubude | 1mm |
| LYSO/LSO/YSO | N/A | 0.2mm |
| BGO | N/A | 0.2mm |
| I-GOS(Tb/Pr) i-ceramic | 0.4 mm ubude | 1 mm ubude |
I-Scintillation Array Reflector kanye nepharamitha yokunamathela :
| Isibonisi | Ubukhulu be-Reflector+Adhesive | |
| I-Liner | 2D | |
| I-TiO2 | 0.1-1mm | 0.1—1mm |
| I-BaSO4 | 0.1mm | 0.1-0.5mm |
| I-ESR | N/A | 0.08mm |
| E60 | N/A | 0.075mm |
Isicelo:
| Igama lento | I-CsI(Tl) | I-GAGG | CdWO4 | I-LYSO | LSO | BGO | I-GOS(Tb/Pr) Ceramic |
| I-PET, i-ToF-PET | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | ||||
| SPECT | Yebo | Yebo | |||||
| CT | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | |||
| I-NDT | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | ||||
| Isithwebuli se-bagger | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | ||||
| Ukuhlola Isitsha | Yebo | Yebo | Yebo | ||||
| Ikhamera ye-Gamma | Yebo | Yebo |
Izithombe zomkhiqizo:
